What is the main action performed during immunofixation electrophoresis?

The primary action during immunofixation electrophoresis involves the electrophoresis of the antigen, which is then reacted with monospecific antisera. This process allows for the identification and characterization of specific proteins present in a sample based on their size and charge. In immunofixation electrophoresis, proteins are first separated by electrophoresis in a gel matrix. Following this separation, the gel is incubated with antisera that specifically binds to the target protein. This creates a visual reaction that facilitates the detection and analysis of the proteins of interest, distinguishing them from others present in the sample.

This method is particularly useful for identifying monoclonal gammopathies and other abnormalities in serum proteins. The specificity of the antisera is crucial, as it ensures that only the desired proteins are detected and analyzed, leading to accurate results in diagnostic settings.